Many people will walk/run trails without giving second thoughts to predatory attacks by animals or humans. Yet they know it has happened and it could happen to them...but they go into denial...
Why?
And why would they not consider carrying some sort of weapon just in case?
Some of the people I have talked to prior to their going for such walks/runs...are really baffling.
I think it is nature's way to cull the human race.
Culling our race... nature does its best
I have seen a fair amount of NS coyotes in my hiking and virtually slept among them winter camping. They are an interesting and curious species the 'Bluenose coyote" Larger than even its nearby cousin here in New Brunswick (for now). In my tent I woke to sniffing and could see shadows...very soft sounds of movement. They did not call to each other during the night which is unusual. Strange as it may sound I fell into the best sleep I can recall.
In the morning I found young adult size coyote tracks around my tent, a curious young adult by the way he moved in on a "zig zag"...my snoring maybe

I was not in danger even with only fabric between us.
The young lady who was fatally attacked in NS in the tragic event caused a serious backlash against the coyote...her parents asked that the animals not be culled or a bounty on the animals be placed. Bounty or no bounty they are here to stay so resources should be placed in educating people on how to interact with animals. Like my dad told me when we were picking blueberries and I spotted a bear in the distance " Don`t pick off the same bush". My dad understood animals (wild/domestic) and walks in the woods always included a walking stick and observation.
The pole in your hands makes you look bigger (imagine what the predator sees).
Now...to run with music through the woods then you are foolish. What does the predator see? If you spot coyotes as you walk in the woods what signals are you giving? Can you sense they are hunting or are they hoping you will cause smaller prey to move for them like a field mouse etc..?
If your hair stands on the back of your neck it occurs for a reason...become large and be vigilant. If attacked point the pole at the approaching animal...do not swing it as you are about 1/3 as fast. Plan your footing as it is not the time to stumble over a tree root or fall into the bushes. Low voice not high pitched...confidence so they keep those powerful jaws in check.